(ex) against his employer et al in the United States District Court, Central District of California, alleging slavery and genocide, for taking taxes from his wages by force. It is against the backdrop of this case that we must appreciate the swift manner in which the higher Court of California dismissed with prejudice (meaning the arguments could not be heard again) the Cato v. the U.S. case in which Jewel Cato et al attempted to sue the U.S. Government for the enslavement of Africans.

Leonard Ashton made no pretense of being an U.S. Citizen. Ashton charged the Court to prove, to bring forth the actual documents that establish the fact of his U.S. Citizenship. Because no such documents exist to which African slaves nor slave descendants are party by human mutuality, the Ashton case resulted in a DEFAULT by the IRS and the U.S. in the Fall of 1996. They waived their rights to respond to the complaint. In that regard, one might well wonder why real U.S. Citizens would need to engage in a Voting Rights Movement, or to seek Affirmative Action or to have their so-called vote come up for periodic review. It took White People 13 years of debate following a war, then economic dealings and politics before they became U.S. Citizens, and their vote does not come up for periodic review. Slaves became so-called U.S. Citizens almost overnight via an act of the U.S. Congress, having had no say in the matter. All indicators are that slaves wanted just to be rid of White People and to enjoy land of their own in 1865, not to become a part of the White People's government. Neither did we ask to be citizens, nor were we asked. The U.S. Congress could not afford to ask us.

Firstly, asking us if we wanted to associate with the U.S. Government would have been treating us like human beings and not as property/contraband and, secondly, our answer was sure not to be a resounding YES considering the state of international repulsion at U.S. Slavery at the time, the activism of John Brown and others and the growing demand for African Reparations then. The U.S. clearly needed a solution to slavery, but a solution that would placate world opinion and continue business as usual. So the Congress opted to make its slaves its citizens without a slave referendum or plebiscite. This was the road of least resistance and one that would assure our continued status as U.S. slaves under the guise of citizenship. Oh, but what about the 14th Amendment, you ask? We had no say in that either, just another slavemaster act that can be taken as quickly as it was granted just as the looming extension of the Black Vote in 2007 will be received as a great testament to American egalitarianism. . First of all, what human rights or any rights did slaves or do we have that the U.S. can protect? We had already been stripped by force of arms and “law� of our human characteristics; our language (s), religion (s) and culture (s). What else is there to an human being? Just use their labor and scientific genius for profit, and tax them.

So the Ashton complaint rested on four solid facts of law that neither the higher Court of California nor the U.S. Supreme Court ever wants to hear for their merits. We have just spoken of the first, which is where Ashton began, with a disclaimer of U.S. Citizenship. Mind you that this does not mean that Ashton was giving up U.S. Citizenship. He is affirming as a fact of law that neither he nor 50 million African slave descendants in the U.S. are U.S. Citizens. So there is no U.S. Citizenship to be given up.

Secondly, mutuality. Since there is no people (as in referendum or plebiscite) to government process that has ever occurred between slaves and the U.S. to make any laws, a state of NO LAW exists today between African slave descendants and the U.S. Government. The Government and the higher Courts are clear on this fact, as indicated in the dismissal with prejudice of Cato v. the U.S. It is slaves who are confused about our legal relationship to the U.S. The answer is that we have no legal relationship, no cognizable law as Presiding Judge Armstrong stated in Cato. It is all clearly illegal even to today based upon slavery and captivity in a war of enslavement in Africa, forcibly carried away from Africa's Landed jurisdiction Laws, including African citizenship, nationality, freedom and self-determination, expatriated by force and brought into the jurisdiction of the U.S. by force and made a chattel then physical slave, now a mental slave and legislated citizenship without mutuality, the basis of all law. These facts of law are quite clear. And this is why the Court moved swiftly to dismiss Cato with prejudice, to establish a Court precedent against Black Reparations complaints. Of course, no Reparations Movement is all Court, though that may be an important aspect. Each movement has its peculiarities. The same is true of our African Reparations Movement and we will win! For instance, do you know of any other complaint that got into the U.S. Supreme Court without having been heard for its merits in the lower Court? No, you haven't. It indicates the power of what we are dealing with here. Look at that aspect of power and not just the fact of their default because they didn't see an aggressive popular African Reparations Movement at the time. Ashton was bounced out of the higher California Court into the U.S. Supreme Court without having been heard for its merits, then the U.S. Supreme Court refused certiorari, refused to request the documents from the California Court, then defaulted. Very Powerful!

Visit Dr. Brock,s website at:Â http://www.directblackaction.com

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