History List of US Military Actions
hundreds of instances of the deployment of United
Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Statesmilitary forces
abroad and domestically. The list through 1975 is based on United
States Congress http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Congress
Househttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives
Committee
on International
Relationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Committee_on_International_Relations.
Dates show the years in which U.S. military units participated. The bolded
items are the U.S. wars most often considered to be *major conflicts* by
historians and the general public. Note that instances where the U.S. gave
aid alone, with no military personnel involvement, are excluded.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=1
] Extraterritorial and major domestic deployments
Portions of this list are from the Congressional Research Service report
RL30172.[1]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_military_actions_of_the_United_States#_note-congress
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=2
] 1775-1800
1775-83 *American Revolutionary
Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War
*
1798-1800 -- Undeclared Naval War with
Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France(
Quasi-War http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasi-War). This contest included
land actions, such as that in the Dominican
Republichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Republic,
city of Puerto Platahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Felipe_de_Puerto_Plata,
where U.S. Marines http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Marines captured a
French privateer http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privateer under the guns of
the forts. Congress authorized military action through a series of statutes.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=3
] 1800-1809
1801-05 -- Tripoli http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripoli. The First Barbary
War http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Barbary_War included the USS George
Washington http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_George_Washington and USS
Philadelphia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Philadelphia affairs and the
Eaton expedition, during which a few marines landed with United States Agent
William Eaton http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Eaton to raise a force
against Tripoli in an effort to free the crew of the Philadelphia from the
Barbary pirates http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirates. Tripoli declared war
but not the United States, although Congress authorized US military action
by statute.
1806 -- Mexico http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico (Spanish territory).
Captain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captain Zebulon M.
Pikehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebulon_M._Pike,
with a platoon http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platoon of troops, invaded
Spanish territory at the headwaters of the Rio
Grandehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_Grandeon orders from
General http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General James
Wilkinsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Wilkinson.
He was made prisoner without resistance at a fort he constructed in present
day Colorado http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorado, taken to Mexico, and
later released after seizure of his papers.
1806-10 -- Gulf of Mexico http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico.
American gunboats http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunboats operated from New
Orleans http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Orleans against
Spanishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spainand
French http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France privateers off the Mississippi
Delta http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mississippi_Delta, chiefly under
Captain John Shaw http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Shaw_%28navy%29 and
Master Commandant David
Porterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Porter_%28naval_officer%29
.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=4
] 1810-1819
1810 -- West Florida http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Florida (Spanish
territory). Governor http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor William C.C.
Claiborne http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_C.C._Claiborne of
Louisianahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisiana,
on orders of the President, occupied with troops territory in dispute east
of the Mississippi as far as the Pearl
Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearl_River,
later the eastern boundary of Louisiana. He was authorized to seize as far
east as the Perdido River http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perdido_River.
1812 – Amelia Island http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amelia_Island and other
parts of east Florida, then under Spain. Temporary possession was authorized
by President James Madison http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Madison and
by Congress, to prevent occupation by any other power; but possession was
obtained by General George
Mathewshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Mathews_%28Georgia%29in
so irregular a manner that his measures were disavowed by the
President.
1812-15 – *War of 1812 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_of_1812*. On June
18 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_18, 1812, the United States declared
war against the United Kingdom http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom.
Among the issues leading to the war were British interception of neutral
ships and blockades of the United States during British hostilities with
France.
1813 -- West Florida (Spanish territory). On authority given by Congress,
General Wilkinson seized Mobile
Bayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_Bayin April with 600
soldiers. A small Spanish garrison gave way. Thus
U.S. troops advanced into disputed territory to the Perdido
Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perdido_River,
as projected in 1810. No fighting.
1813-14 – Marquesas Islands http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marquesas_Islands.
(French Polynesia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Polynesia) US forces
built a fort on the island of
Nukahivahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nukahiva&action=editto
protect three prize ships which had been captured from the British.
1814 -- Spanish Florida. General Andrew
Jacksonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Jacksontook
Pensacola http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pensacola%2C_Florida and drove out
the British forces.
1814-25 -- Caribbean http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean. Engagements
between pirates and American ships or squadrons took place repeatedly
especially ashore and offshore about Cubahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuba,
Puerto Rico http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puerto_Rico, Santo
Domingohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santo_Domingo,
and Yucatan http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucatan. Three thousand pirate
attacks on merchantmen were reported between 1815 and 1823. In 1822,
Commodore http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodore_%28USN%29 James
Biddlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Biddleemployed a squadron
of two
frigates http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frigate, four sloops of
warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sloops_of_war,
two brigs http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brig, four
schoonershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schooner,
and two gunboats in the West Indieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Indies
.
1815 -- Algiers http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algiers. The second Barbary
War http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Barbary_War was declared against
the United States by the Dey of
Algiershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dey_of_Algiersof the Barbary
states http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbary_states, an act not
reciprocated by the United States. Congress did authorize a military
expedition by statutes. A large fleet under Captain Stephen
Decaturhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Decaturattacked Algiers
and obtained indemnities.
1815 -- Tripoli. After securing an agreement from Algiers, Captain Decatur
demonstrated with his squadron at Tunis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunisand Tripoli, where he secured
indemnities for offenses during the War of
1812.
1816 -- Spanish Florida. United States forces destroyed Negro
Forthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_Fort,
which harbored fugitive http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fugitive
slaveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavesmaking raids across the
Georgia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_%28U.S._state%29 border.
1816-18 -- Spanish Florida - First Seminole
Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seminole_War.
The Seminole Indians http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seminole_Indians, whose
area was a haven for escaped slaves and border ruffians, were attacked by
troops under General Jackson and General Edmond P.
Gaineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edmond_P._Gaines&action=editand
pursued into northern Florida. Spanish posts were attacked and
occupied,
British citizens executed. In 1819 the Floridas were ceded to the United
States.
1817 – Amelia Island http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amelia_Island(Spanish
territory off Florida). Under orders of President James
Monroehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Monroe,
United States forces landed and expelled a group of smugglers, adventurers,
and freebooters.
1818 -- Oregon http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregon. The USS
Ontariohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Ontario_%281813%29dispatched
from Washington, which made a landing at the mouth of the Columbia
River http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_River to assert US claims.
Spain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spain and
Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahad conceded
sovereignty http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovereignty to the area but
the British
Empire http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empire had a parallel claim.
Subsequent to this confrontation the two powers agreed to a joint occupancy
of the region, which was finally resolved with the Oregon
Treatyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregon_Treatyof 1846.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=5
] 1820-1829
1820-23 -- Africa http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa. Naval units raided
the slave traffic pursuant to the 1819 act of
Congresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_of_Congress.
[1] http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/slave.htm
1822 -- Cuba. United States naval forces suppressing piracy landed on the
northwest coast of Cuba and burned a pirate station.
1823 -- Cuba. Brief landings in pursuit of pirates occurred April
8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_8near
Escondidohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Escondido%2C_Cuba&action=edit;
April 16 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_16 near Cayo
Blancohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cayo_Blanco_Cuba&action=edit;
July 11 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_11 at Siquapa
Bayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siquapa_Bay_Cuba&action=edit;
July 21 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_21 at Cape
Cruzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cape_Cruz_Cuba&action=edit;
and October 23 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_23 at
Camriocahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Camrioca_Cuba&action=edit
.
1824 -- Cuba. In October the USS
Porpoisehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Porpoiselanded
bluejackets http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluejackets near
Matanzashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matanzasin pursuit of pirates.
This was during the cruise authorized in 1822.
1824 -- Puerto Rico http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puerto_Rico (Spanish
territory). Commodore David
Porterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Porterwith a landing party
attacked the town of
Fajardo http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fajardo%2C_Puerto_Rico which had
sheltered pirates and insulted American naval officers. He landed with 200
men in November and forced an apology. Commodore Porter was later
court-martialed for overstepping his powers.
1825 -- Cuba. In March cooperating American and British forces landed at Sagua
La Grande http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagua_La_Grande to capture pirates.
1827 -- Greece http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece. In October and
November landing parties hunted pirates on the
Mediterraneanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediterranean_Seaislands
of
Argenteirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Argenteire&action=edit,
Miconi http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Miconi&action=edit, and
Androse http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Androse&action=edit.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=6
] 1830-1839
1831-32 – Falkland Islands http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkland_Islands.
Captain Duncan of the USS
Lexingtonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Lexingtoninvestigated the
capture of three American sealing vessels and sought to
protect American interests.
1832 – Sumatra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra. (Indonesia) -
February 6 to 9. A naval force landed and stormed a fort to punish natives
of the town of Quallah Battoo for plundering the American ship Friendship.
1833 -- Argentina. - October 31 to November 15. A force was sent ashore at
Buenos Aires to protect the interests of the United States and other
countries during an insurrection.
1835-36 -- Peru. - December 10, 1835, to January 24, 1836, and August 31 to
December 7, 1836. Marines protected American interests in Callao and Lima
during an attempted revolution.
1836 -- Mexico. General Gaines occupied
Nacogdocheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacogdoches(Texas), disputed
territory, from July to December during the Texan war for
independence, under orders to cross the "imaginary boundary line" if an
Indian outbreak threatened.
1838 - The Caroline Affair http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caroline_Affair on
Navy Island http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navy_Island,
Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada.
After the failure of the Upper Canada
Rebellionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Canada_Rebellionof 1837
favoring Canadian democracy and independence from the British
Empire http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empire; William Lyon
Mackenziehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lyon_Mackenzieand his
rebels fled to Navy Island where they declared the Republic
of Canada http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Canada. American
sympathizers sent supplies on the S.S.
Carolinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=S.S._Caroline&action=edit,
which was intercepted by the British and set ablaze, creating an incident.
1838-39 – Sumatra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra (Indonesia). -
December 24, 1838, to January 4, 1839. A naval force landed to punish
natives of the towns of Quallah Battoo and Muckie (Mukki) for depredations
on American shipping.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=7
] 1840-1849
1840 -- Fiji Islands. - July. Naval forces landed to punish natives for
attacking American exploring and surveying parties.
1841 -- Drummond Island, Kingsmill
Grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kingsmill_Group&action=edit(Pacific
Ocean). A naval party landed to avenge the murder of a seaman by
the natives.
1841 – Samoa http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoa. - February 24. A naval
party landed and burned towns after the murder of an American seaman on
Upolu Island.
1842 -- Mexico. Commodore T.A.C. Jones, in command of a squadron long
cruising off California, occupied Monterey, Calif., on October 19, believing
war had come. He discovered peace, withdrew, and saluted. A similar incident
occurred a week later at San Diego.
1843 -- China. Sailors and marines from the St. Louis were landed after a
clash between Americans and Chinese at the trading post in Canton.
1843 -- Africa. - November 29 to December 16. Four United States vessels
demonstrated and landed various parties (one of 200 marines and sailors) to
discourage piracy and the slave trade along the Ivory Coast, and to punish
attacks by the natives on American seamen and shipping.
1844 -- Mexico. President Tyler deployed US forces to protect Texas against
Mexico, pending Senate approval of a treaty of annexation. (Later rejected.)
He defended his action against a Senate resolution of inquiry.
1846 -- Bear Flag Revolt http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bear_Flag_Revolt.
1846-48 -- *Mexican-American
Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican-American_War
* After the annexation of Texas in 1845, the United States and Mexico failed
to resolve a boundary dispute and President Polk said that it was necessary
to deploy forces in Mexico to meet a threatened invasion. On May 13,1846,
declared war with Mexico.
1849 – Smyrna http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smyrna (Izmir, Turkey). In July
a naval force gained release of an American seized by Austrian officials.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=8
] 1850-1859
1851 -- Turkey. After a massacre of foreigners (including Americans) at
Jaffa in January, a demonstration by the Mediterranean Squadron was ordered
along the Turkish (Levant) coast.
1851 -- Johanns Island (east of Africa). - August. Forces from the US sloop
of war Dale exacted redress for the unlawful imprisonment of the captain of
an American whaling brig.
1852-53 -- Argentina. - February 3 to 12, 1852; September 17, 1852 to April
1853. Marines were landed and maintained in Buenos Aires to protect American
interests during a revolution.
1853 -- Nicaragua. - March 11 to 13. US forces landed to protect American
lives and interests during political disturbances.
1853-54 -- Japan. Commodore Matthew
Perryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodore_Matthew_Perryand his
expedition made a display of force leading to the "opening of
Japan."
1853-54 -- Ryukyu http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ry%C5%ABky%C5%AB and Bonin
Islands http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonin_Islands (Japan). Commodore
Matthew Perry http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodore_Matthew_Perry on
three visits before going to Japan and while waiting for a reply from Japan
made a naval demonstration, landing marines twice, and secured a coaling
concession from the ruler of Naha http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naha on
Okinawa http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okinawa; he also demonstrated in the
Bonin Islands with the purpose of securing facilities for commerce.
1854 -- China. - April 4 to June 15 to 17. American and English ships landed
forces to protect American interests in and near
Shanghaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghaiduring Chinese civil
strife.
1854-58 -- Nicaragua Naval
Battleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicaragua_Naval_Battles
1854 -- Nicaragua. - July 9 to 15. Naval forces bombarded and burned San
Juan del Norte http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Juan_del_Norte
(Greytownhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greytown)
to avenge an insult to the American Minister to Nicaragua.
1855 -- China. - May 19 to 21. US forces protected American interests in
Shanghai http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai and, from August 3 to 5
fought pirates near Hong Kong http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong.
1855 -- Fiji Islands. - September 12 to November 4. An American naval force
landed to seek reparations for attacks on American residents and seamen.
1855 -- Uruguay. - November 25 to 29. United States and European naval
forces landed to protect American interests during an attempted revolution
in Montevideo http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montevideo.
1856 -- Panama, Republic of New Grenada. - September 19 to 22. US forces
landed to protect American interests during an insurrection.
1856 -- China. - October 22 to December 6. US forces landed to protect
American interests at Canton during hostilities between the British and the
Chinese, and to avenge an assault upon an unarmed boat displaying the United
States flag.
1857-58 -- Utah War http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utah_War.
1857 -- Nicaragua. - April to May, November to December. In May
Commander Charles
H. Davis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_H._Davis of the United
States Navy, with some marines, received the surrender of William
Walkerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Walker_%28soldier%29,
self proclaimed president of
Nicaraguahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Nicaragua,
who was losing control of the country to forces financed by his former
business partner, Cornelius
Vanderbilthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelius_Vanderbilt,
and protected his men from the retaliation of native allies who had been
fighting Walker. In November and December of the same year United States
vessels USS Saratoga http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Saratoga, USS
Wabashhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Wabash,
and Fulton opposed another attempt of William
Walkerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Walkeron Nicaragua.
Commodore Hiram
Paulding http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiram_Paulding's act of landing
marines and compelling the removal of Walker to the United States, was
tacitly disavowed by Secretary of State Lewis
Casshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Cass,
and Paulding was forced into retirement.
1858 -- Uruguay. - January 2 to 27. Forces from two United States warships
landed to protect American property during a revolution in
Montevideohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montevideo
.
1858 -- Fiji Islands http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiji_Islands. - October
6 to 16. A marine expedition with the USS
*Vandalia*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Vandalia_%281828%29enacted
revenge on natives for the murder of two American citizens at
Waya http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Waya&action=edit.
[2]http://www.historycentral.com/navy/MISC%202/vandalia.html
[3] http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-v/vandla2.htm
1858-59 -- Turkey. The Secretary of State requested a display of naval force
along the Levant http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant after a massacre of
Americans at Jaffa http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaffa and mistreatment
elsewhere "to remind the authorities (of Turkey) of the power of the United
States."
1859 -- Paraguay. Congress authorized a naval squadron to seek redress for
an attack on a naval vessel in the Parana
Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parana_Riverduring 1855. Apologies
were made after a large display of force.
1859 -- Mexico. Two hundred United States soldiers crossed the Rio Grande in
pursuit of the Mexican bandit Juan
Cortinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Cortina
.[4] http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/people/a_c/cortina.htm
1859 -- China. - July 31 to August 2. A naval force landed to protect
American interests in Shanghai.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=9
] 1860-1869
1860 -- Angola, Portuguese West Africa. - March 1. American residents at
Kissembo called upon American and British ships to protect lives and
property during problems with natives.
1860 -- Colombia, Bay of Panama. - September 27 to October 8. Naval forces
landed to protect American interests during a revolution.
1861-65 -- *American Civil Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War
*
1863 -- Japan. - July 16. The USS Wyoming retaliated against a firing on the
American vessel Pembroke at Shimonoseki.
1864 -- Japan.- July 14 to August 3. Naval forces protected the United
States Minister to Japan when he visited Yedo to negotiate concerning some
American claims against Japan, and to make his negotiations easier by
impressing the Japanese with American power.
1864 -- Japan. - September 4 to 14. Naval forces of the United States, Great
Britain, France, and the Netherlands compelled Japan and the Prince of
Nagato in particular to permit the Straits of Shimonoseki to be used by
foreign shipping in accordance with treaties already signed.
1865-77 -- Post Civil War
Reconstructionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction
1865 -- Panama. - March 9 and 10. US forces protected the lives and property
of American residents during a revolution.
1866 -- Mexico. To protect American residents, General Sedgwick and 100 men
in November obtained surrender of Matamoros, on the border State of
Tamaulipas. After three days he was ordered by US Government to withdraw.
His act was repudiated by the President.
1866 -- China. From June 20 to July 7, US forces punished an assault on the
American consul at Newchwang.
1867 -- Nicaragua. Marines occupied Managua and Leon.
1867 -- Formosa (island of Taiwan) - June 13. A naval force landed and
burned a number of huts to punish the murder of the crew of a wrecked
American vessel.
1868 -- Japan (Osaka, Hiolo, Nagasaki, Yokohama, and Negata). - February 4
to 8, April 4 to May 12, June 12 and 13. US forces were landed to protect
American interests during the civil war in Japan.
1868 -- Uruguay. - February 7 and 8, 19 to 26. US forces protected foreign
residents and the customhouse during an insurrection at Montevideo.
1868 -- Colombia. - April. US forces protected passengers and treasure in
transit at Aspinwall during the absence of local police or troops on the
occasion of the death of the President of Colombia.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=10
] 1870-1879
1870 -- Mexico. - June 17 and 18. US forces destroyed the pirate ship
Forward, which had been run aground about 40 miles up the Rio Tecapan.
1870 -- Hawaiian Islands. - September 21. US forces placed the American flag
at half mast upon the death of Queen Kalama, when the American consul at
Honolulu would not assume responsibility for so doing.
1871 -- Korea. Shinmiyangyo Battle in
Koreahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinmiyangyo- June 10 to 12. A US
naval force attacked and captured five forts to punish
natives for depredations on Americans, particularly for murdering the crew
of the General Sherman and burning the schooner, and for later firing on
other American small boats taking soundings up the Salee River.
1873 -- Colombia (Bay of Panama). - May 7 to 22, September 23 to October 9.
U.S. forces protected American interests during hostilities between local
groups over control of the government of the State of Panama.
1873-96 -- Mexico. United States troops crossed the Mexican border
repeatedly in pursuit of cattle and other thieves and other brigands. There
were some reciprocal pursuits by Mexican troops into border territory.
Mexico protested frequently. Notable cases were at Remolina in May 1873 and
at Las Cuevas in 1875. Washington orders often supported these excursions.
Agreements between Mexico and the United States, the first in 1882, finally
legitimized such raids. They continued intermittently, with minor disputes,
until 1896.
1874 -- Hawaiian Islands. - February 12 to 20. Detachments from American
vessels were landed to preserve order and protect American lives and
interests during the coronation of a new king.
1876 -- Mexico. - May 18. An American force was landed to police the town of
Matamoros, Tamaulipas State, temporarily while it was without other
government.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=11
] 1880-1889
1882 -- Egypt. - July 14 to 18. American forces landed to protect American
interests during warfare between British and Egyptians and looting of the
city of Alexandria by Arabs.
1885 -- Panama (Colon). - January 18 and 19. US forces were used to guard
the valuables in transit over the Panama Railroad, and the safes and vaults
of the company during revolutionary activity. In March, April, and May in
the cities of Colon and Panama, the forces helped reestablish freedom of
transit during revolutionary activity.
1888 -- Korea. - June. A naval force was sent ashore to protect American
residents in Seoul during unsettled political conditions, when an outbreak
of the populace was expected.
1888 -- Haiti. - December 20. A display of force persuaded the Haitian
Government to give up an American steamer which had been seized on the
charge of breach of blockade.
1888-89 -- Samoa. - November 14, 1888, to March 20, 1889. US forces were
landed to protect American citizens and the consulate during a native civil
war.
1889 -- Hawaiian Islands. - July 30 and 31. US forces protected American
interests at Honolulu during a revolution.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=12
] 1890-1899
1890 -- Argentina. A naval party landed to protect US consulate and legation
in Buenos Aires.
1891 -- Haiti. US forces sought to protect American lives and property on
Navassa Island.
1891 -- Bering Strait. - July 2 to October 5. Naval forces sought to stop
seal poaching.
1891 -- Chile. - August 28 to 30. US forces protected the American consulate
and the women and children who had taken refuge in it during a revolution in
Valparaiso.
1893 -- Hawaii. - January 16 to April 1. Marines were landed ostensibly to
protect American lives and property, but many believed actually to promote a
provisional government under Sanford B. Dole. This action was disavowed by
the United States.
1894 -- Brazil. - January. A display of naval force sought to protect
American commerce and shipping at Rio de Janeiro during a Brazilian civil
war.
1894 -- Nicaragua. - July 6 to August 7. US forces sought to protect
American interests at Bluefields following a revolution.
1894-95 -- China. Marines were stationed at Tientsin and penetrated to
Peking for protection purposes during the First Sino-Japanese
Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Sino-Japanese_War
.
1894-95 -- China. A naval vessel was beached and used as a fort at Newchwang
for protection of American nationals.
1894-96 -- Korea. - July 24, 1894 to April 3, 1896. A guard of marines was
sent to protect the American legation and American lives and interests at
Seoul during and following the Sino-Japanese War.
1895 -- Colombia. - March 8 to 9. US forces protected American interests
during an attack on the town of Bocas del Toro by a bandit chieftain.
1895-96 -- Venezuela. - Settlement of boundary dispute.
1896 -- Nicaragua. - May 2 to 4. US forces protected American interests in
Corinto during political unrest.
1898 -- Nicaragua. - February 7 and 8. US forces protected American lives
and property at San Juan del Sur.
1898 -- *Spanish-American Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish-American_War
* On April 25, 1898, the United States declared war with Spain. The war
followed a Cuban insurrection http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ten_Year_War,
the Cuban War of
Independencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_War_of_Independenceagainst
Spanish rule and the sinking of the USS
Maine http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Maine in the harbor at Havana.
1898-99 -- Samoa. Second Samoan Civil
Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Samoan_Civil_WarFebruary-May
15, 1899. American and British naval forces landed to protect
national interests and to take part in a bloody contention over the
succession to the throne.
1898-99 -- China. - November 5, 1898 to March 15, 1899. US forces provided a
guard for the legation at Peking and the consulate at Tientsin during
contest between the Dowager Empress and her son.
1899 -- Nicaragua. American and British naval forces were landed to protect
national interests at San Juan del Norte, February 22 to March 5, and at
Bluefields a few weeks later in connection with the insurrection of Gen.
Juan P. Reyes.
1899-1913 -- Philippine
Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Islands.
*Philippine-American Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine-American_War
* US forces protected American interests following the war with Spain and
conquered the islands by defeating the Filipinos in their war for
independence during the Philippine-American
Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine-American_War
.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=13
] 1900-1909
1900 -- China. - May 24 to September 28. Boxer
Rebellionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxer_RebellionAmerican troops
participated in operations to protect foreign lives during
the Boxer rising, particularly at Peking. For many years after this
experience a permanent legation guard was maintained in Peking, and was
strengthened at times as trouble threatened.
1901 -- Colombia (State of Panama). - November 20 to December 4. Panamanian
Revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panamanian_Revolution&action=editUS
forces protected American property on the Isthmus and kept transit
lines
open during serious revolutionary disturbances.
1902 -- Colombia. - April 16 to 23. US forces protected American lives and
property at Bocas del Toro during a civil war.
1902 -- Colombia (State of Panama). - September 17 to November 18. The
United States placed armed guards on all trains crossing the Isthmus to keep
the railroad line open, and stationed ships on both sides of Panama to
prevent the landing of Colombian troops.
1903 -- Honduras. - March 23 to 30 or 31. US forces protected the American
consulate and the steamship wharf at Puerto Cortez during a period of
revolutionary activity.
1903 -- Dominican Republic. - March 30 to April 21. A detachment of marines
was landed to protect American interests in the city of Santo Domingo during
a revolutionary outbreak.
1903 -- Syria. - September 7 to 12. US forces protected the American
consulate in Beirut when a local Moslem uprising was feared.
1903-04 -- Abyssinia (Ethiopia). Twenty-five marines were sent to Abyssinia
to protect the US Consul General while he negotiated a treaty.
1903-14 -- Panama. US forces sought to protect American interests and lives
during and following the revolution for independence from Colombia over
construction of the Isthmian Canal. With brief intermissions, United States
Marines were stationed on the Isthmus from November 4, 1903, to January 21,
1914 to guard American interests.
1904 -- Dominican Republic. - January 2 to February 11. American and British
naval forces established an area in which no fighting would be allowed and
protected American interests in Puerto Plata and Sosua and Santo Domingo
City during revolutionary fighting.
1904 -- Tangier, Morocco. "We want either
Perdicarishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perdicarisalive or
Raisuli http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulai_Ahmed_er_Raisuli dead." A
squadron demonstrated to force release of a kidnapped American. Marines were
landed to protect the consul general.
1904 -- Panama. - November 17 to 24. US forces protected American lives and
property at Ancon at the time of a threatened insurrection.
1904-05 -- Korea. - January 5, 1904, to November 11, 1905. A guard of
Marines was sent to protect the American legation in Seoul during the
Russo-Japanese War.
1906-09 -- Cuba. - September 1906 to January 23, 1909. US forces sought to
protect interests and re-establish a government after revolutionary
activity.
1907 -- Honduras. - March 18 to June 8. To protect American interests during
a war between Honduras and Nicaragua, troops were stationed in Trujillo,
Ceiba, Puerto Cortez, San Pedro, Laguna and Choloma.
1909-33 -- Nicaragua. - May 19 to September 4, 1910. Occupation of
Nicaraguahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupation_of_NicaraguaUS
forces protected American interests at Bluefields.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=14
] 1910-1919
1911 -- Honduras. - January 26. American naval detachments were landed to
protect American lives and interests during a civil war in Honduras.
1911 -- China. As the nationalist revolution approached, in October an
ensign and 10 men tried to enter Wuchang to rescue missionaries but retired
on being warned away, and a small landing force guarded American private
property and consulate at Hankow. Marines were deployed in November to guard
the cable stations at Shanghai; landing
forceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landing_forceswere sent for
protection in Nanking, Chinkiang, Taku and elsewhere.
1912 -- Honduras. A small force landed to prevent seizure by the government
of an American-owned railroad at Puerto Cortes. The forces were withdrawn
after the United States disapproved the action.
1912 -- Panama. Troops, on request of both political parties, supervised
elections outside the Canal Zone.
1912 -- Cuba. - June 5 to August 5. US forces protected American interests
on the Province of Oriente, and in Havana.
1912 -- China. - August 24 to 26, on Kentucky Island, and August 26 to 30 at
Camp Nicholson. US forces protected Americans and American interests during
revolutionary activity.
1912 -- Turkey. - November 18 to December 3. US forces guarded the American
legation at Constantinople during a Balkan War.
1912-25 -- Nicaragua. - August to November 1912. US forces protected
American interests during an attempted revolution. A small force, serving as
a legation guard and seeking to promote peace and stability, remained until
August 5, 1925.
1912-41 -- China. The disorders which began with the overthrow of the
dynasty during Kuomintang rebellion in 1912, which were redirected by the
invasion of China by Japan, led to demonstrations and landing parties for
the protection of US interests in China continuously and at many points from
1912 on to 1941. The guard at Peking and along the route to the sea was
maintained until 1941. In 1927, the United States had 5,670 troops ashore in
China and 44 naval vessels in its waters. In 1933 the United States had
3,027 armed men ashore. The protective action was generally based on
treaties with China concluded from 1858 to 1901.
1913 -- Mexico. - September 5 to 7. A few marines landed at Ciaris Estero to
aid in evacuating American citizens and others from the Yaqui Valley, made
dangerous for foreigners by civil strife.
1914 -- Haiti.- January 29 to February 9, February 20 to 21, October 19.
Intermittently US naval forces protected American nationals in a time of
rioting and revolution.
1914 -- Dominican Republic. - June and July. During a revolutionary
movement, United States naval forces by gunfire stopped the bombardment of
Puerto Plata, and by threat of force maintained Santo Domingo City as a
neutral zone.
1914-17 -- Mexico. Tampico
Affairhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampico_Affair& Occupation
of Veracruz, Mexicohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_occupation_of_Veracruz%2C_1914Undeclared
Mexican--American hostilities followed the Dolphin
affairhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dolphin_affair&action=editand
Villa's raids
*(See Pancho Villa
Expeditionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancho_Villa_Expedition
)* and included capture of Vera
Cruzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veracruz%2C_Veracruzand later
Pershing's expedition into northern Mexico.
1915-34 -- Haiti. - July 28, 1915, to August 15, 1934. United States
occupation of Haiti
1915-1934http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_occupation_of_Haiti_%281915-1934%29US
forces maintained order during a period of chronic political
instability.
1916 -- China. American forces landed to quell a riot taking place on
American property in Nanking.
1916-24 -- Dominican Republic. - May 1916 to September 1924. Occupation of
the Dominican Republichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupation_of_the_Dominican_RepublicAmerican
naval forces maintained order during a period of chronic and
threatened insurrection.
1917 -- China. American troops were landed at Chungking to protect American
lives during a political crisis.
1917-18 -- *World War I http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I*. On
April 6, 1917, the United States declared war with Germany and on December
7, 1917, with Austria-Hungary. Entrance of the United States into the war
was precipitated by Germany's submarine warfare against neutral shipping.
1917-22 -- Cuba. US forces protected American interests during insurrection
and subsequent unsettled conditions. Most of the United States armed forces
left Cuba by August 1919, but two companies remained at Camaguey until
February 1922.
1918-19 -- Mexico. After withdrawal of the Pershing expedition, US troops
entered Mexico in pursuit of bandits at least three times in 1918 and six
times in 1919. In August 1918 American and Mexican troops fought at Nogales.
1918-20 -- Panama. US forces were used for police duty according to treaty
stipulations, at Chiriqui, during election disturbances and subsequent
unrest.
1918-20 -- Soviet Union. Polar Bear
Expeditionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_Bear_ExpeditionMarines
were landed at and near Vladivostok in June and July 1918 based on
the U.S. government claim that there was a need to protect the American
consulate and other points in the fighting between the Bolshevik troops and
the Czech Army which had traversed Siberia from the western front. A joint
proclamation of emergency government and neutrality was issued by the
American, Japanese, British, French, and Czech occupation commanders in
July. In August, 7,000 men were landed in Vladivostok and remained until
January 1920, as part of an allied force to occupy the Soviet Union. In
addition, in September 1918, 5,000 American troops joined the allied
invasion force at Archangel, Russia, and remained until June 1919. These
operations were an attempt to overthrow the Soviet government that had come
to power with the Bolshevik Revolution and were partly supported by Czarist
or Kerensky elements.
1919 -- Dalmatia (Croatia). US forces were landed at Trau at the request of
Italian authorities to police order between the Italians and Serbs.
1919 -- Turkey. Marines from the USS Arizona were landed to guard the US
Consulate during the Greek occupation of Constantinople.
1919 -- Honduras. - September 8 to 12. A landing force was sent ashore to
maintain order in a neutral zone during an attempted revolution.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=15
] 1920-1929
1920 -- China. - March 14. A landing force was sent ashore for a few hours
to protect lives during a disturbance at Kiukiang.
1920 -- Guatemala. - April 9 to 27. US forces protected the American
Legation and other American interests, such as the cable station, during a
period of fighting between Unionists and the Government of Guatemala.
1920-22 -- Russia (Siberia). - February 16, 1920, to November 19, 1922. A
Marine guard was sent to protect the United States radio station and
property on Russian Island, Bay of Vladivostok.
1921 -- Panama - Costa Rica. American naval squadrons demonstrated in April
on both sides of the Isthmus to prevent war between the two countries over a
boundary dispute.
1922 -- Turkey. - September and October. A landing force was sent ashore
with consent of both Greek and Turkish authorities, to protect American
lives and property when the Turkish Nationalists entered Smyrna.
1922-23 -- China. Between April 1922 and November 1923, marines were landed
five times to protect Americans during periods of unrest.
1924 -- Honduras. - February 28 to March 31, September 10 to 15. US forces
protected American lives and interests during election hostilities.
1924 -- China. - September. Marines were landed to protect Americans and
other foreigners in Shanghai during Chinese factional hostilities.
1925 -- China. - January 15 to August 29. Fighting of Chinese factions
accompanied by riots and demonstrations in Shanghai brought the landing of
American forces to protect lives and property in the International
Settlement.
1925 -- Honduras. - April 19 to 21. US forces protected foreigners at La
Ceiba during a political upheaval.
1925 -- Panama. - October 12 to 23. Strikes and rent riots led to the
landing of about 600 American troops to keep order and protect American
interests.
1926-33 -- Nicaragua. - May 7 to June 5, 1926; August 27, 1926, to January
3, 1933. The coup d'etat of General Chamorro aroused revolutionary
activities leading to the landing of American marines to protect the
interests of the United States. United States forces came and went
intermittently until January 3, 1933.
1926 -- China. - August and September. The Nationalist attack on Hankow
brought the landing of American naval forces to protect American citizens. A
small guard was maintained at the consulate general even after September 16,
when the rest of the forces were withdrawn. Likewise, when Nationalist
forces captured Kiukiang, naval forces were landed for the protection of
foreigners November 4 to 6.
1927 -- China. - February. Fighting at Shanghai caused American naval forces
and marines to be increased. In March a naval guard was stationed at
American consulate at Nanking after Nationalist forces captured the city.
American and British destroyers later used shell fire to protect Americans
and other foreigners. Subsequently additional forces of marines and naval
forces were stationed in the vicinity of Shanghai and Tientsin.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=16
] 1930-1939
1932 -- China. American forces were landed to protect American interests
during the Japanese occupation of Shanghai.
1933 -- Cuba. During a revolution against President Gerardo Machado naval
forces demonstrated but no landing was made.
1934 -- China. Marines landed at Foochow to protect the American Consulate.
1936 -- Spanish Civil Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln_Brigade
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=17
] 1940-1945
1940 -- Newfoundland, Bermuda, St. Lucia, - Bahamas, Jamaica, Antigua,
Trinidad, and British Guiana. Troops were sent to guard air and naval bases
obtained by negotiation with Great Britain. These were sometimes called
lend-lease bases.
1941 -- Greenland. Greenland was taken under protection of the United States
in April.
1941 -- Netherlands (Dutch Guiana). In November the President ordered
American troops to occupy Dutch Guiana, but by agreement with the
Netherlands government in exile, Brazil cooperated to protect aluminum ore
supply from the bauxite mines in Surinam.
1941 -- Iceland. Iceland was taken under the protection of the United
States, with consent of its government, for strategic reasons.
1941 -- Germany. Sometime in the spring the President ordered the Navy to
patrol ship lanes to Europe. By July US warships were convoying and by
September were attacking German submarines. In November, the Neutrality Act
was partly repealed to protect US military aid to Britain.
1941-45 -- *World War II http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II* . On
December 8, 1941, the United States declared war with Japan, on December 11
with Germany and Italy, and on June 5, 1942, with Bulgaria, Hungary and
Romania. The United States declared war against Japan after the surprise
bombing of Pearl Harbor, and against Germany and Italy after those nations,
under the dictators Hitler and Mussolini, declared war against the United
States. The US declared war against Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania in
response to the declarations of war by those nations against the United
States.
1945 -- China. In October 50,000 US Marines were sent to North China to
assist Chinese Nationalist authorities in disarming and repatriating the
Japanese in China and in controlling ports, railroads, and airfields. This
was in addition to approximately 60,000 US forces remaining in China at the
end of World War II.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=18
] 1945-1949
1945-49 Occupation of part of Germany http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germany
.
1945-55 Occupation of part of Austria http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austria
.
1945-46 Occupation of part of Italy http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy.
1945-52 Occupation of Japan http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan.
1945-46 Temporary reoccupation of the
Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippinesin preparation
for independence.
1945-49 Occupation of South Korea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Koreaand defeat of a leftist
insurgency.
1945-91 -- Cold War http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War
1946 -- Trieste http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trieste (Italy). President
Truman ordered the increase of US troops along the zonal occupation line and
the reinforcement of air forces in northern Italy after Yugoslav forces shot
down an unarmed US Army transport plane flying over Venezia Giulia. Earlier
US naval units had been sent to the scene. Later the Free Territory of
Trieste http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Territory_of_Trieste, Zone A.
1945-47 US Marines http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USMC garrisoned in
Mainland China http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China to oversee the removal
of Soviet and Japanese forces after World War
IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II
.
1948 -- Palestine. A marine consular guard was sent to Jerusalem to protect
the US Consul General.
1948 -- Berlin. Berlin Airlift
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_AirliftAfter the Soviet Union
established a land blockade of the US, British, and
French sectors of Berlin on June 24, 1948, the United States and its allies
airlifted supplies to Berlin until after the blockade was lifted in May
1949.
1948-49 -- China. Marines were dispatched to Nanking to protect the American
Embassy when the city fell to Communist troops, and to Shanghai to aid in
the protection and evacuation of Americans.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=19
] 1950-1959
1950-53 -- *Korean War http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_War*. The
United States responded to North Korean invasion of South Korea by going to
its assistance, pursuant to United Nations Security Council resolutions. US
forces deployed in Korea exceeded 300,000 during the last year of the
conflict. Over 36,600 US military were killed in action.
1950-55 -- Formosa (Taiwan). In June 1950 at the beginning of the Korean
War, President Truman ordered the US Seventh Fleet to prevent Chinese
Communist attacks upon Formosa and Chinese Nationalist operations against
mainland China.
1954 -- The CIA and the U.S. State
Departmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._State_Departmentwith
help from the United
Fruit Company http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Fruit_Companyorchestrate
the 1954 coup in Guatemala against the United Fruit Company's
major enemy, the democratically elected,
leftwinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leftwing,
populist http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populist President Jacobo
Arbenzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobo_Arbenz.
Colonel Carlos Castillo
Armashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Castillo_Armastakes the
helm and becomes the first in a long line of
U.S. supported Guatemalan military rulers.
1954-55 -- China. Naval units evacuated US civilians and military personnel
from the Tachen Islands.
1955-63 US sends military advisers to assist President Ngo Dinh
Diemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngo_Dinh_Diemof South
Vietnam http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Vietnam.
[5]http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB101/
1956 -- Egypt. A marine battalion evacuated US nationals and other persons
from Alexandria during the Suez crisis.
1958 -- Lebanon. Lebanon crisis of
1958http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanon_crisis_of_1958Marines were
landed in Lebanon at the invitation of President Camille
Chamoun http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camille_Chamoun to help protect
against threatened insurrection supported from the outside. The President's
action was supported by a Congressional resolution passed in 1957 that
authorized such actions in that area of the world.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=20
] 1960-1969
1959-60 -- The Caribbean. Second Marine Ground Task Force was deployed to
protect US nationals following the Cuban
revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_revolution
.
1962 -- Thailand. The Third Marine Expeditionary Unit landed on May 17, 1962
to support that country during the threat of Communist pressure from
outside; by July 30, the 5,000 marines had been withdrawn.
1962 -- Cuba. Cuban Missile
Crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_Missile_CrisisOn October
22, President Kennedy instituted a "quarantine" on the shipment
of offensive missiles to Cuba from the Soviet Union. He also warned Soviet
Union that the launching of any missile from Cuba against nations in the
Western Hemisphere would bring about US nuclear retaliation on the Soviet
Union. A negotiated settlement was achieved in a few days.
1963 -- Iraq. The C.I.A. supports a coup in Iraq against the
democratically-elected Qassim
governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qassim_government
.[2]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_military_actions_of_the_United_States#_note-tyrant
[3]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_military_actions_of_the_United_States#_note-old
[4]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_military_actions_of_the_United_States#_note-
[5]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_military_actions_of_the_United_States#_note-church
1962-75 -- Laos. From October 1962 until 1975, the United States played an
important role in military support of anti-Communist forces in Laos.
1964 -- Congo (Zaire). The United States sent four transport planes to
provide airlift for Congolese troops during a rebellion and to transport
Belgian paratroopers to rescue foreigners.
1964 -- Military coup in Brazil http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil;
support given by US is provided but not needed. (See Operation Brother
Samhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Brother_Sam
)[6]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_military_actions_of_the_United_States#_note-brazil
1959-75 -- *Vietnam War http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_War*. US
military advisers had been in South Vietnam for a decade, and their numbers
had been increased as the military position of the Saigon government became
weaker. After citing what he termed were attacks on US destroyers in the
Tonkin Gulf, President Johnson asked in August 1964 for a resolution
expressing US determination to support freedom and protect peace in
Southeast Asia. Congress responded with the Tonkin Gulf Resolution,
expressing support for "all necessary measures" the President might take to
repel armed attacks against US forces and prevent further aggression.
Following this resolution, and following a Communist attack on a US
installation in central Vietnam, the United States escalated its
participation in the war to a peak of 543,000 military personnel by April
1969.
1965 -- Dominican Republic. Invasion of Dominican
Republichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Power_PackThe United
States intervened to protect lives and property during a
Dominican revolt and sent 20,000 US troops as fears grew that the
revolutionary forces were coming increasingly under Communist control.
1967 -- Congo (Zaire). The United States sent three military transport
aircraft with crews to provide the Congo central government with logistical
support during a revolt.
1968 -- Capture of USS
*Pueblo*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Pueblo_%28AGER-2%29
1968 -- Iraq. The C.I.A. successfully supports coup in Iraq against the
government of Rahman Arif to bring the Ba'ath Party to power, with Saddam
Hussein eventually taking the
helm.[2]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_military_actions_of_the_United_States#_note-tyrant
1968 -- U.S. starts secret bombing campaign against targets along the Ho Chi
Minh trail http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_trail in the sovereign
nations of Cambodia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambodia and
Laoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laos.
The bombings last at least two years. (See Operation Commando
Hunthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Commando_Hunt
)
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=21
] 1970-1979
1970 -- Cambodia. US troops were ordered into Cambodia to clean out
Communist sanctuaries from which Viet Cong and North Vietnamese attacked US
and South Vietnamese forces in Vietnam. The object of this attack, which
lasted from April 30 to June 30, was to ensure the continuing safe
withdrawal of American forces from South Vietnam and to assist the program
of Vietnamization.
1971 -- Indian Subcontinenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Subcontinent.
USA sends its nuclear aircraft carrier USS
Enterprisehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Enterprise_%28CVN-65%29to
the Indian Ocean to try and threaten the Indian
Military http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Military to back down from
the Bangladesh Liberation
Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War.
The move backfires as India intensifies its attempt to liberate East
Pakistan http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Pakistan ending in the swift
defeat of Pakistan http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan, an ally of USA.
1973 -- The CIA funds and helps orchestrate a military coup against the
democratically elected Chilean President Salvador
Allendehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende;
General Augusto Pinochet
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augusto_Pinochetbecomes the military
dictator until 1990.
1974 -- Evacuation from Cyprus. United States naval forces evacuated US
civilians during hostilities between Turkish and Greek Cypriot forces.
1975 -- Evacuation from Vietnam. On April 3, 1975, President Ford reported
US naval vessels, helicopters, and Marines had been sent to assist in
evacuation of refugees and US nationals from Vietnam.
1975 -- Evacuation from Cambodia. On April 12, 1975, President Ford reported
that he had ordered US military forces to proceed with the planned
evacuation of US citizens from Cambodia.
1975 -- South Vietnam. On April 30 1975, President Ford reported that a
force of 70 evacuation helicopters and 865 Marines had evacuated about 1,400
US citizens and 5,500 third country nationals and South Vietnamese from
landing zones near the US Embassy in Saigon and the Tan Son Nhut Airfield.
1975 -- Cambodia. *Mayagüez*
Incidenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayag%C3%BCez_incident.
On May 15, 1975, President Ford reported he had ordered military forces to
retake the SS Mayaguez http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS_Mayaguez, a
merchant vessel which was seized from Cambodian naval patrol boats in
international waters and forced to proceed to a nearby island.
1976 -- Lebanon. On July 22 and 23, 1974, helicopters from five US naval
vessels evacuated approximately 250 Americans and Europeans from Lebanon
during fighting between Lebanese factions after an overland convoy
evacuation had been blocked by hostilities.
1976 -- Korea. Additional forces were sent to Korea after two American
soldiers were killed by North Korean soldiers in the demilitarized zone
between North and South Korea while cutting down a tree.
1978 -- Zaire (Congo). From May 19 through June 1978, the United States
utilized military transport aircraft to provide logistical support to
Belgian and French rescue operations in Zaire.
[edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_military_history_events&action=edit§ion=22
] 1980-1990
1980 -- Iran. Operation Eagle
Clawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Eagle_ClawOn April 26,
1980, President Carter reported the use of six US transport
planes and eight helicopters in an unsuccessful attempt to rescue American
hostages being held in Iran.
1981 -- El Salvador. After a guerrilla offensive against the government of
El Salvador, additional US military advisers were sent to