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The Power Elite Playbook, Government by Gunpoint: Part X
Muckracker Report
Deanna Spingola
Greedy American sugar growers, eager to expand their Hawaiian production found a compliant duly-elected Hawaiian monarch, Kalākaua who signed the “Bayonet Constitution,” (at the point of a gun) dated July 6, 1887, and written by Hawaii’s Interior Minister Lorrin A. Thurston, an elite resident who considered his white supremacist mentality a form of patriotism. This document reduced the King’s executive power and deprived native Hawaiians of their voting rights. The composition of the
Kalākaua, much to his non-compliant sister’s horror, relinquished
Thurston and a group of sugar-stock-owning wealthy, immigrant collaborators, including Samuel Castle, the country’s largest landowner gathered to discuss the situation. In the dark of night, the conspirators visited John L. Stevens, American minister to
The will of the people had been overturned in the interests of profit and strategic military operations despite anti-annexation petitions signed by 29,000 native Hawaiians. The Senate never saw those petitions and the issue was never put to a popular vote. Queen Liliuokalani then went to
No matter, a precedent was established. The coup worked without dissent or even knowledge by
General Smedley Darlington
The 1842 Treaty of Nanking restricted
By June 1900, resentful Chinese citizens were opposing the foreign powers that had “carved” up the country and whose ships “dominated Chinese ports.” Most egregious were the “entrance signs” posted at the foreigner’s lavish clubs: “Forbidden to dogs and Chinese.” Ultimately, 100,000 troops were required to protect foreign business owners in what became known as the Boxer Rebellion. By
American imperialism entails “international military commitments,” and permanent military bases. At the beginning of the twentieth century it also required an increase in manpower – a 300% increase in the Marine Corps was authorized by the business-friendly Congress. [xii] Therefore,
Sam Zemurray was a
Theodore Roosevelt became president after McKinley's assassination. Other presidents had long dreamed of a canal connecting the
An ideal canal site was
To gain unfettered access to
The Fletcher brothers were also favored Knox clients. They owned La Luz and the Los Angeles Mining Company, which had gold mining concessions in
President Taft also used “dollar diplomacy.” Foreign governments would have nothing to fear if they allowed “free rein” to American businesses and only sought loans from American banks. In 1909, President Zelaya (born
Major Smedley D.
[i] Treaty Of Reciprocity Between The United States Of America And The Hawaiian Kingdom, http://www.hawaii-nation.org/treaty1875.html, Accessed February 7, 2008
[ii]
[iii] Ibid
[iv] Ibid
[v] Leis and Lies: Why
Accessed
[vi]
[vii] Leis and Lies: Why
Accessed
[viii] Who's Who in Marine Corps History, http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Whos_Who/Butler_SD.htm, Accessed February 2, 2008
[ix] The Plot to Seize the White House by Jules Archer, Hawthorne Books, Inc.,
[x] Principles and Profits: Standard Oil Responds to Chinese Nationalism, 1925-1927 by David A. Wilson, The Pacific Historical Review, Vol. 46, No. 4 (Nov., 1977), pp. 625-647
[xi] The Plot to Seize the White House by Jules Archer, Hawthorne Books, Inc.,
[xii] Marching to a Different Drummer: Unrecognized Heroes of American History, by Robin Kadison Berson - Publisher:
[xiii] Doing Business with the Dictators: A Political History of United Fruit By Paul J. Dosal, 1993, Rowman & Littlefield, pgs. 78-80
[xiv] Knox Signs Treaty For Honduran Loan; Contract with J.P. Morgan & Co. Will, It Is Asserted, Be Signed Within a Week, New York Times, January 11, 1911, http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9400E5DB1331E233A25752C1A9679C946096D6CF, Accessed February 9, 2008
[xv]
[xvi] A History Of The Panama Canal, French and American Construction Efforts Prepared by the Panama Canal Authority Technical Resources Center and Corporate Communications Division, The American Canal Construction, http://www.pancanal.com/eng/history/history/index.html Accessed February 8, 2008
[xvii] Indian Ocean and our Security, Lt Gen (Retired) Sardar F.S. Lodi analyses the effect of the Indian Ocean on our security, http://www.defencejournal.com/2000/mar/indian-ocean.htm, Accessed February 8, 2008
[xviii]
[xix] Ibid
[xx] Marching to a Different Drummer: Unrecognized Heroes of American History, by Robin Kadison Berson - Publisher:
[xxi]
[xxii] Ibid
[xxiii] Ibid, pgs. 98-9
[xxiv] New York Times,
[xxv] Ex-President of Nicaragua Charged With Murder, Disappears, http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E03EFD71E3BE633A25756C2A9679D946296D6CF Accessed February 8, 2008 See Also: Ex-President of Nicaragua, Wanted for Murder, http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9906E4D7113CE633A25754C2A9679D946296D6CF, Accessed February 8, 2008
[xxvi] This Date In Marine Corps History, http://www.obxmarines.com/news/history.html, Accessed February 8, 2008
[xxvii]
[xxviii] Marching to a Different Drummer: Unrecognized Heroes of American History, by Robin Kadison Berson - Publisher:
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